OSHA Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) Template
A job hazard analysis (JHA, also called a JSA or AHA) breaks one task into sequential steps, lists the hazards of each step, and assigns a control for every hazard. The standard format is a three-column table: Step, Hazards, Controls, plus a header identifying the task, location, date, and the crew sign-off.
The JHA format
Every effective JHA uses the same skeleton. Keep steps action-based (6 to 12 of them), name hazards specifically ("strut falls from overhead rack" beats "falling objects"), and make controls actionable enough that a foreman can verify them.
- ✓ Header: task, project, location, date, prepared by
- ✓ Step column: the task broken into sequential actions
- ✓ Hazard column: what can hurt someone at each step
- ✓ Controls column: the specific protection for each hazard, citing the OSHA standard where one applies
- ✓ Required PPE and equipment checks
- ✓ Crew review signatures: the JHA is a briefing document, not a filing document
Worked example: setting roof trusses
- ✓ Step 1, unload trusses: hazards are crane swing and pinch points; controls are tagline use, no workers under load per 29 CFR 1926.1425, leather gloves
- ✓ Step 2, stage and brace: hazards are truss tip-over and hand injuries; controls are bracing per plan, cut-resistant gloves
- ✓ Step 3, set and fasten at height: hazards are falls over 6 ft; controls are personal fall arrest anchored per 29 CFR 1926.502 and 100% tie-off
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Common questions
▸What is the difference between a JHA, JSA, and AHA?
They are the same document with different names: job hazard analysis (OSHA usage), job safety analysis (industry usage), and activity hazard analysis (the term on Army Corps and federal projects, with a specific EM 385 format).
▸When is a JHA required?
OSHA recommends JHAs but requires the underlying hazard assessments (like the PPE assessment). In practice, GCs require a JHA per definable task, and many require review before high-hazard activities like steel erection, trenching, or hot work.
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